Table 1 Dye rejection performance comparison with previous studies

1

PES/TiO₂ membrane

MG = 80%

–

27

2

PES/GO

Direct red 16 = 99%

53.2

20.4 (4 bar)

28

3

PES/TiO₂ membrane

RB21 = 73.01%

54.2

32.5 (3 bar)

29

4

PES/GO

Sunset yellow = 84.9% acridine orange = 48.4%

52.4

13 (1 bar)

30

5

amino‑functionalized mesoporous/

PES

DR-16 = 97.5%

MO = 95.5%

40.78

55.56 (4 bar)

31

6

PES/ MMT-Fe₃O₄

MO = 87.5%

MB = 92.8%

64.5

–

32

7

PES/MMT

CR = 99%

MO = 81%

QY = 92%

50

421 (5 bar)

This study